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IPC 194 vs BNS 194 – False Evidence to Procure Conviction of Capital Offence

Comparison
Same

Indian Penal Code (IPC)

VS.

Bhartiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS)

Section: IPC 194

Giving or fabricating false evidence with intent to procure conviction of a capital offence

About IPC Section

Section 194 of the Indian Penal Code, 1860, deals with the gravest form of false evidence — when it is intentionally given or fabricated with the aim of securing the conviction of someone for an offence punishable with death.

Key points of IPC 194:

  • If a person gives or fabricates false evidence intending that an innocent person be convicted of a capital offence, the punishment is imprisonment for life or rigorous imprisonment up to 10 years and fine.

  • If, because of such false evidence, an innocent person is convicted and executed, the offender may be punished with death or life imprisonment.

  • Example: A witness deliberately giving false testimony in a murder trial to wrongly convict another person of a capital offence.

This section underscores the seriousness of perjury when it leads to life-and-death consequences, ensuring the justice system is protected from deliberate miscarriages of justice.

Section: BNS 194

Giving or fabricating false evidence with intent to procure conviction of a capital offence

About BNS Section

Section 194 of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023, corresponds directly to IPC 194. It punishes the act of giving or fabricating false evidence with the intent to convict a person of an offence punishable by death.

Key points of BNS 194:

  • Giving or fabricating false evidence with intent to cause conviction for a capital offence is punishable with life imprisonment or rigorous imprisonment up to 10 years and fine.

  • If such false evidence results in the execution of an innocent person, the punishment may be death or imprisonment for life.

  • The section applies to false witnesses, forged documents, or manipulated circumstances aimed at implicating someone in a capital crime.

  • Example: Creating false murder evidence against a rival with the intention of getting them sentenced to death.

This provision safeguards the integrity of the justice system and human life, ensuring that no one is wrongly executed due to deliberate lies or fabricated evidence.